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	<title>건강과 대안 &#187; pandemic</title>
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		<title>[조류독감] 대만 라이밍자오 박사, &#8220;사람 간 전염 가능성 높다&#8221;</title>
		<link>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=3934</link>
		<comments>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=3934#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 16 Apr 2013 15:11:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>건강과대안</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[식품 · 의약품]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[AI]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[H7N9형]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pandemic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[中研院院士]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[賴明詔]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[대만 중앙연구원]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[대유행]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[라이밍자오 박사]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[사망]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[인간 대 인간 전염]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[조류독감]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[조류인플루엔자]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[중국]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[대만 중앙연구원 라이밍자오 박사(中研院院士賴明詔)가 15일 대만 청궁(成功)대학교에서 열린 학술행사에서 &#8220;H7N9형 신종 AI 바이러스가 변이를 거쳐 이미 사람 사이에 전염될 수 있는 특징이 나타나기 시작한 것으로 보인다&#8221;(H7N9從禽傳人變成人傳人的時間可能會被壓縮)라고 밝혔다는 소식입니다.다만 [...]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>대만 중앙연구원 라이밍자오 박사(中研院院士賴明詔)가 15일 대만 청궁(成功)대학교에서 <BR>열린 학술행사에서 &#8220;H7N9형 신종 AI 바이러스가 변이를 거쳐 이미 사람 사이에 전염될 수 <BR>있는 특징이 나타나기 시작한 것으로 보인다&#8221;(H7N9從禽傳人變成人傳人的時間可能會被壓縮)<BR>라고 밝혔다는 소식입니다.<BR><BR>다만 반드시 사람 사이에 전염된다는 것은 아니고 이론상 사람 간의 감염이 쉽게 있을 수 <BR>있다는 뜻이라고 밝혔습니다.<BR><BR>과학적으로 라이밍자오 박사의 주장은 틀린 얘기는 아니지만&#8230; 현재까지는 신종 H7N9<BR>독감 바이러스가 사람과 사람 사이의 전염 가능성이 높아졌을 뿐&#8230; 사람 사이의 전염이<BR>현실화되었다는 과학적 증거도 없는 상황입니다.<BR><BR>따라서 인간과 인간 사이의 전염 가능성에 대한 논란 그 자체에 매몰되기 보다는<BR>환자의 발생 상황과 바이러스의 전염력 및 병독력을 지속적으로 모니터링하면서<BR>대유행에 대비해 백신 제조 능력을 갖추는 것이 더 중요할 것으로 판단됩니다.<BR><BR>==========================<BR><BR><STRONG><FONT size=5><FONT face=PMingLiu><SPAN class="mbody1 style1"><SPAN class=style12 _yuid="yui_3_1_1_4_136608820104683">賴明詔：H7N9可能提前變異</SPAN></SPAN><BR></FONT></FONT></STRONG><SPAN class=t1><FONT color=#808080>2013/04/16 12:14</FONT></SPAN> <SPAN class=t1><FONT color=#808080>中央社 </FONT></SPAN><BR><FONT color=#808080><A href="http://tw.finance.yahoo.com/news_content/url/d/a/130416/1/3qh7k.html">http://tw.finance.yahoo.com/news_content/url/d/a/130416/1/3qh7k.html</A><BR><BR><FONT color=#000000>中央社記者張榮祥台南2013年4月16日電）冠狀病毒專家、中研院院士賴明詔今天表示，H7N9從禽傳人變成人傳人的時間可能會被壓縮，但未必一定會突變為人傳人。</FONT><br />
<P><FONT color=#000000>H7N9禽流感疫情在中國大陸蔓延，各國衛生單位都憂心H7N9即將變為人傳人，屆時疫情更難防治。有報載賴明詔認為H7N9禽流感疫情演變為人傳人「已經是在半路上」，只是早晚的問題。</FONT></P><br />
<P><FONT color=#000000>賴明詔接受中央社記者詢問時澄清，他的意思不是指H7N9一定會演變成人傳人，而是H7N9的基因已變異為「禽傳人」，若大陸感染人數持續增加，H7N9從禽流感變成人流感的時間可能會被壓縮。</FONT></P><br />
<P><FONT color=#000000>賴明詔說，他無法確認H7N9是否會突變為人傳人，就像當年H5N1禽流感肆虐時，很多人都研判H5N1會突變為人傳人，「但好幾年過去了，大家擔心的事並未發生」。</FONT></P><br />
<P><FONT color=#000000>他說，H7N9和H5N1最大不同，在於禽鳥感染H5N1後會死亡，感染H7N9卻不會；H7N9才不容易被發現，這也是中國大陸還找不到病源的原因，因帶有病毒的禽鳥仍能正常活動。</FONT></P><br />
<P><FONT color=#000000>賴明詔說，目前中國大陸病例逐漸北移，似乎和候鳥北遷路線一致，但因當前未發現候鳥感染H7N9而死亡，無法斷定候鳥就是帶原者；若候鳥真的帶原，今年秋冬候鳥南遷，台灣可能就進入感染範圍內。</FONT></P><br />
<P><FONT color=#000000>他表示，台灣尚未取得病毒株，無法對H7N9進行藥物研究，但以基因序列來看，克流感對H7N9應該有療效，因克流感可治療流感病毒，屆時若是有人感染H7N9，可投以克流感治療。不過，賴明詔提醒，未確認感染H7N9前，不要預服克流感，以免產生抗藥性。</FONT></P></FONT></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>[돼지독감] WHO, 신종플루 대유행 경보상태 유지</title>
		<link>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=2101</link>
		<comments>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=2101#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 02 Jul 2010 21:23:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>건강과대안</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[식품 · 의약품]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pandemic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[WHO]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[가짜 대유행 스캔들]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[돼지독감]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[세계보건기구]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[신종플루]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[인플루엔자 대유행]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[세계보건기구(WHO)가 2010년 6월 3일 신종플루 대유행(pandemic) 경보 상태를 유지하기로 했다는 로이터통신발 뉴스입니다.마거릿 찬 사무총장의 이와 같은 발표는&#160;지난 6월 1일 전문가 15인으로 구성된 비상위원회(위원장 존 맥켄지 교수, 호주출신)&#160;회의에서 현재 [...]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><P>세계보건기구(WHO)가 2010년 6월 3일 신종플루 대유행(pandemic) 경보 상태를 유지하기로 했다는 로이터통신발 뉴스입니다.<BR><BR>마거릿 찬 사무총장의 이와 같은 발표는&nbsp;지난 6월 1일 전문가 15인으로 구성된 비상위원회(위원장 존 맥켄지 교수, 호주출신)&nbsp;회의에서 현재 신종플루가 쇠퇴하고 있음에도 불구하고,&nbsp;앞으로 몇 주 동안 남반구 독감 유행시기를 경과하는&nbsp;동안 신종플루 감염 사례가 지속적으로 나타날 것으로 예상된다는 권고안을 채택한 것을 근거로 하고 있다고 합니다.<BR><BR>WHO는 7월 중순경 신종플루 경보 상태를&nbsp; 대유행 이후(post-pandemic) 단계로&nbsp;재조정할 지에 대한&nbsp;여부를 다시 결정할 예정이라고 합니다.<BR><BR></P><br />
<DIV class=byline><CITE class=vcard><br />
<H1 id=yn-title>WHO says H1N1 flu pandemic continues</H1><A class="provider-logo ult-section" id=yn-prvdlink href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/reuters/brand/SIG=pd7i95/*http://www.reuters.com"><IMG height=27 alt=Reuters src="http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/d/0c/d0c3eb8ca18907492a4b337b5cec5193.jpeg" width=106></A><BR><BR>By Jonathan Lynn <SPAN class="fn org">Jonathan Lynn</SPAN> </CITE>– <ABBR class=timedate title=2010-06-03T03:58:16-0700>Thu&nbsp;Jun&nbsp;3, 6:58&nbsp;am&nbsp;ET<BR><A href="http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20100603/hl_nm/us_flu_who_1">http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20100603/hl_nm/us_flu_who_1</A><BR><BR></ABBR></DIV><!-- end .byline --><br />
<DIV class=yn-story-content><br />
<P>GENEVA (Reuters) – The H1N1 pandemic is not yet over although its most intense activity has passed in many parts of the world, the World <A class=konaYahooLink id=KonaLink0 style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #366388 2px dotted; POSITION: relative" href="http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20100603/hl_nm/us_flu_who_1#" target=undefined><FONT style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static" color=#366388><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">Health </SPAN><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">Organization</SPAN></FONT></A> said on Thursday after a review of the flu outbreak by independent experts.</P><br />
<P>The WHO emergency committee, composed of 15 external advisers, said it remained critical for countries to maintain vigilance concerning the pandemic, including necessary public health measures for disease control and surveillance, WHO Director-General Margaret Chan said in a statement.</P><br />
<P>&#8220;We&#8217;re still in the pandemic,&#8221; <A class=konaYahooLink id=KonaLink1 style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #366388 2px dotted; POSITION: relative" href="http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20100603/hl_nm/us_flu_who_1#" target=undefined><FONT style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static" color=#366388><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">WHO </SPAN><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">spokesman </SPAN><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">Gregory </SPAN><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">Hartl</SPAN></FONT></A> told Reuters.</P><br />
<P>Chan said that pandemic flu activity was expected to continue, and the committee would meet again by mid-July to review the status of the outbreak once more data from the winter influenza season in the southern hemisphere was available.</P><br />
<P>The panel met on Tuesday, but Chan had delayed the announcement until Thursday as the committee, whose members were spread around the world for the meeting by teleconference, put the final touches to the wording of their recommendation.</P><br />
<P>Chan&#8217;s decision, based on the committee&#8217;s recommendation, means that the outbreak, widely known as <A class=konaYahooLink id=KonaLink2 style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #366388 2px dotted; POSITION: relative" href="http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20100603/hl_nm/us_flu_who_1#" target=undefined><FONT style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static" color=#366388><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">swine </SPAN><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">flu</SPAN></FONT></A>, remains at phase 6 on the WHO&#8217;s pandemic scale, which has been at the top level of 6 since June 2009.</P><br />
<P>SOUTHEAST ASIA</P><br />
<P>The next meeting will decide to recommend whether to retain that level, declare the pandemic has passed, or move into a transitional &#8220;post-peak&#8221; phase.</P><br />
<P>The U.N. agency&#8217;s guidance on whether a disease constitutes a pandemic determines how its 193 member governments handle an outbreak, including stockpiling vaccines and antivirals.</P><br />
<P>WHO experts say that the virus remains a threat to some vulnerable people, notably pregnant women, young children and those with respiratory problems, and such groups would continue to need vaccinations.</P><br />
<P>&#8220;It is predicted that H1N1 will continue to be the primary or overwhelming virus among influenza viruses for quite a while,&#8221; Hartl said on Tuesday. &#8220;Pandemic or no pandemic, H1N1 will still exist. If there is no pandemic, it means that H1N1 is behaving like a normal <A class=konaYahooLink id=KonaLink3 style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #366388 2px dotted; POSITION: relative" href="http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20100603/hl_nm/us_flu_who_1#" target=undefined><FONT style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static" color=#366388><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">flu </SPAN><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">virus</SPAN></FONT></A>.&#8221;</P><br />
<P>The WHO has been accused of exaggerating the dangers of the H1N1 outbreak, which emerged in April last year.</P><br />
<P>Symptoms suffered by most people infected with the virus, have been mild. But WHO experts fear it could spread easily among people if it were to mutate into a more dangerous or lethal form.</P><br />
<P>Laboratory tests have confirmed more than 18,000 deaths from H1N1 infection, according to WHO figures, but the actual <A class=konaYahooLink id=KonaLink4 style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #366388 2px dotted; POSITION: relative; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" href="http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20100603/hl_nm/us_flu_who_1#" target=undefined><FONT style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static" color=#366388><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">global </SPAN><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">death </SPAN><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">toll</SPAN></FONT></A> is much higher and will take at least a year after the pandemic ends to establish.</P><br />
<P>The virus is currently most active in parts of the Caribbean and Southeast Asia, and activity in Africa is low or sporadic.</P><br />
<P>The emergency committee has been waiting for signs of how the virus is developing in the southern hemisphere winter before making a full pronouncement on its state.</P><br />
<P>Chan usually follows the recommendations of the committee, all of whose members except its chairman, Australian professor <A class=konaYahooLink id=KonaLink5 style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #366388 2px dotted; POSITION: relative; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" href="http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20100603/hl_nm/us_flu_who_1#" target=undefined><FONT style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static" color=#366388><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">John </SPAN><SPAN class=kLink style="FONT-WEIGHT: 400; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; COLOR: #366388! important; FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; POSITION: static">Mackenzie</SPAN></FONT></A>, are anonymous to protect them from undue influence. (Editing by Stephanie Nebehay)</P></DIV></p>
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		<title>[돼지독감] 미국에서 신종플루의 가족 전염</title>
		<link>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=1617</link>
		<comments>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=1617#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 31 Dec 2009 15:29:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>건강과대안</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[식품 · 의약품]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Household Transmission]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pandemic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[가족전염]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[돼지독감]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[신종플루]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[인플루엔자 대유행]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[미국에서 2009 대유행 인플루엔자 A(H1N1) 바이러스의 가족 전염결론 : 이전의 인플루엔자 대유행과 비교했을 때 신종플루의 가족 전염은 낮은 편임. (요약문은 아래 참조, 전문은 첨부파일 참조)================= Household Transmission of [...]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>미국에서 2009 대유행 인플루엔자 A(H1N1) 바이러스의 가족 전염<BR><BR>결론 : 이전의 인플루엔자 대유행과 비교했을 때 신종플루의 가족 전염은 낮은 편임. (요약문은 아래 참조, 전문은 첨부파일 참조)<BR><BR><BR>=================<BR><br />
<DIV align=center><B><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=+2>Household Transmission of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus in the United States</FONT></B><BR></DIV><!-- AUTHOR_DISPLAY --><br />
<CENTER><FONT size=+1><I>Simon Cauchemez, Ph.D., Christl A. Donnelly, Sc.D., Carrie Reed, D.Sc., Azra C. Ghani, Ph.D., Christophe Ph.D., Charlotte K. Kent, Ph.D., Lyn Finelli, Dr.P.H., and Neil M. Ferguson, D.Phil.</I></FONT><BR><BR>출처 :<br />
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<TR><br />
<TH vAlign=top noWrap align=right>[NEJM] Volume 361:2619-2627</TH><br />
<TD noWrap><IMG height=30 alt=" " src="http://content.nejm.org/icons/spacer.gif" width=30></TD><br />
<TH vAlign=top noWrap><A href="http://content.nejm.org/content/vol361/issue27/index.dtl"><FONT color=#000000>December 31, 2009</FONT></A></TH><br />
<TD noWrap><IMG height=30 alt=" " src="http://content.nejm.org/icons/spacer.gif" width=30></TD><br />
<TH vAlign=top noWrap align=left>Number 27</TH></TR></TBODY></TABLE><A href="http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/361/27/2619">http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/361/27/2619</A><BR><BR><STRONG><FONT size=4>ABSTRACT</FONT></STRONG><br />
<P align=left><FONT face="arial, helvetica"><I>Background<BR></I><BR>&nbsp;As of June 11, 2009, a total of 17,855 probable or<SUP> </SUP>confirmed cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) had been<SUP> </SUP>reported in the United States. Risk factors for transmission<SUP> </SUP>remain largely uncharacterized. We characterize the risk factors<SUP> </SUP>and describe the transmission of the virus within households.<SUP> </SUP><br />
<P align=left><I>Methods<BR></I><BR>&nbsp;Probable and confirmed cases of infection with the 2009<SUP> </SUP>H1N1 virus in the United States were reported to the Centers<SUP> </SUP>for Disease Control and Prevention with the use of a standardized<SUP> </SUP>case form. We investigated transmission of infection in 216<SUP> </SUP>households — including 216 index patients and their 600<SUP> </SUP>household contacts — in which the index patient was the<SUP> </SUP>first case patient and complete information on symptoms and<SUP> </SUP>age was available for all household members.<SUP> </SUP><br />
<P align=left><I>Results<BR></I><BR>&nbsp;An acute respiratory illness developed in 78 of 600<SUP> </SUP>household contacts (13%). In 156 households (72% of the 216<SUP> </SUP>households), an acute respiratory illness developed in none<SUP> </SUP>of the household contacts; in 46 households (21%), illness developed<SUP> </SUP>in one contact; and in 14 households (6%), illness developed<SUP> </SUP>in more than one contact. The proportion of household contacts<SUP> </SUP>in whom acute respiratory illness developed decreased with the<SUP> </SUP>size of the household, from 28% in two-member households to<SUP> </SUP>9% in six-member households. Household contacts 18 years of<SUP> </SUP>age or younger were twice as susceptible as those 19 to 50 years<SUP> </SUP>of age (relative susceptibility, 1.96; Bayesian 95% credible<SUP> </SUP>interval, 1.05 to 3.78; P=0.005), and household contacts older<SUP> </SUP>than 50 years of age were less susceptible than those who were<SUP> </SUP>19 to 50 years of age (relative susceptibility, 0.17; 95% credible<SUP> </SUP>interval, 0.02 to 0.92; P=0.03). Infectivity did not vary with<SUP> </SUP>age. The mean time between the onset of symptoms in a case patient<SUP> </SUP>and the onset of symptoms in the household contacts infected<SUP> </SUP>by that patient was 2.6 days (95% credible interval, 2.2 to<SUP> </SUP>3.5).<SUP> </SUP><br />
<P align=left><I>Conclusions<BR></I><BR>&nbsp;The transmissibility of the 2009 H1N1 influenza<SUP> </SUP>virus in households is lower than that seen in past pandemics.<SUP> </SUP>Most transmissions occur soon before or after the onset of symptoms<SUP> </SUP>in a case patient.<SUP> </SUP><br />
<P><SUP></SUP><br />
<P></FONT></P></CENTER></p>
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		<title>[돼지독감] WHO 신종플루와 계절성 독감 사망 비교</title>
		<link>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=1600</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Dec 2009 12:32:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>건강과대안</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[식품 · 의약품]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[2009 인플루엔자 대유행]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pandemic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[WHO 사망자 비교]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[계절성 독감]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[돼지독감]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[신종플루]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[2009 대유행 인플루엔자와 계절성 독감 사망 비교2009.12.22 WHOhttp://www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/notes/briefing_20091222/en/index.html* 계절성 독감에 비해 2009 대유행 인플루엔자 바이러스는 어린 연령층(Younger age groups)에 더 치명적임.사망자 수나 치사율로 봤을 때&#160;2009 인플루엔자 대유행(pandemic)이 일반적 [...]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><P>2009 대유행 인플루엔자와 계절성 독감 사망 비교<BR><BR>2009.12.22 WHO<BR><A href="http://www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/notes/briefing_20091222/en/index.html">http://www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/notes/briefing_20091222/en/index.html</A><BR><BR>* 계절성 독감에 비해 2009 대유행 인플루엔자 바이러스는 어린 연령층(Younger age groups)에 더 치명적임.<BR><BR>사망자 수나 치사율로 봤을 때&nbsp;2009 인플루엔자 대유행(pandemic)이 일반적 계절독감보다 심각한 것은 아니지만 아직은 정확한 비교가 어려운 상황임. 정확한 사망자 수, 치사율 평가는 대유행 정점을 지나 1~2년 뒤에나 가능할 것임.<BR><BR>*2009 인플루엔자 대유행(pandemic) 사망자는 실험실 확정진단(laboratory-confirmed deaths)을 받은 사례로 집계된 경우만 한정되어 있음. 감염 사실이 확인되지 않은 사망자도 있어 실제 수치는 통상적으로 이보다 많기 때문에 정확한 비교를 할 수 없음.<BR><BR>* 계절성 독감 유행 시 사망자의 약 90%가 만성질병을 앓는, 취약한 노령층인 반면 신종플루의 경우 감염자, 입원 환자, 집중치료 환자, 사망자 등에서&nbsp;&nbsp;어린 연령층(Younger age groups)이 더 취약한 것으로 드러남.<BR><BR><BR><FONT face="Arial Black" size=5>Comparing deaths from pandemic and seasonal influenza</FONT></P><br />
<H2 class=storyPage>Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 briefing note 20</H2><br />
<P>22 DECEMBER 2009 | GENEVA &#8212; </SPAN><SPAN>Efforts to assess the severity of the H1N1 influenza pandemic sometimes compare numbers of confirmed deaths with those estimated for seasonal influenza, either nationally or worldwide. Such comparisons are not reliable for several reasons and can be misleading.</SPAN></P><br />
<P><SPAN>Numbers of deaths for seasonal influenza are estimates. They use statistical models designed to calculate so-called excess mortality that occurs during the period when influenza viruses are circulating widely in a given population.<BR><BR></P><br />
<H3 class=sectionHead3>Estimates using all-cause mortality</H3><br />
<P><SPAN>The models use data, as recorded in death certificates and medical records, indicating mortality from all causes, and compare the number of deaths during epidemics of seasonal influenza with baseline data on deaths during the rest of the year. The assumption is that infections with influenza viruses contribute to the “excess mortality” observed during the influenza season.</SPAN></P><br />
<P><SPAN>During epidemics of seasonal influenza, around 90% of deaths occur in the frail elderly, who often suffer from one or more chronic medical conditions. Although influenza can worsen these conditions and contribute to death, testing for influenza viruses is not done in most cases, and deaths are usually attributed to an underlying medical condition. </SPAN></P><br />
<P><SPAN>Methods for estimating excess mortality were introduced in the 19th century to capture these influenza-associated deaths that would otherwise be missed. Such estimates have helped counter assumptions that influenza is a mild illness that rarely kills.</SPAN></P><br />
<H3 class=sectionHead3>Laboratory-confirmed deaths</H3><br />
<P><SPAN>In contrast, numbers of deaths from pandemic influenza, as notified by national authorities and tabulated by WHO, are laboratory-confirmed deaths, not estimates. For several reasons, these numbers do not give a true picture of mortality during the pandemic, which is unquestionably higher than indicated by laboratory-confirmed cases.</SPAN></P><br />
<P><SPAN>As pandemic influenza mimics the signs and symptoms of many common infectious diseases, doctors often do not suspect H1N1 infection and do not test. This is especially true in developing countries, where deaths from respiratory diseases, including pneumonia, are common occurrences. Moreover, routine testing for pandemic influenza is costly and demanding, and beyond the reach of most countries. </SPAN></P><br />
<P><SPAN>When testing confirms H1N1 infection in patients with underlying medical conditions, many doctors record these deaths as due to the medical condition, and not to the pandemic virus. These cases are also missed in official statistics.</SPAN></P><br />
<P><SPAN>As recent studies have shown, some tests for H1N1 infection are not entirely reliable, and false-negative results are a frequent problem. Accurate test results further depend on how and when samples were taken. Even in the best-equipped hospitals, doctors have reported seeing patients with distinctive and virtually identical disease profiles, yet only some have positive test results.</SPAN></P><br />
<P><SPAN>Moreover, in a large number of developing countries, systems for vital registration are either weak or non-existent, meaning that most deaths are neither investigated nor certified in terms of the cause.</SPAN></P><br />
<H3 class=sectionHead3>Younger age groups</H3><br />
<P><SPAN>Comparisons of deaths from pandemic and seasonal influenza do not accurately measure the impact of the pandemic for another reason. Compared with seasonal influenza, the H1N1 virus affects a much younger age group in all categories – those most frequently infected, hospitalized, requiring intensive care, and dying. </SPAN></P><br />
<P><SPAN>WHO continues to assess the impact of the influenza pandemic as moderate. Accurate assessments of mortality and mortality rates will likely be possible only one to two years after the pandemic has peaked, and will rely on methods similar to those used to calculate excess mortality during seasonal influenza epidemics.</SPAN></P></SPAN></p>
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		<title>[돼지독감] 신종플루 사망자 하루 두명..6,7번째</title>
		<link>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=1019</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 14 Sep 2009 10:40:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>건강과대안</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[식품 · 의약품]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pandemic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[고위험군]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[돼지독감]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[사망자 7명]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[신종플루]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[신종플루 사망자 하루 두명..6,7번째연합뉴스 &#124; 입력 2009.09.14 00:31 &#124; 수정 2009.09.14 08:57 67세 만성질환자..5번째 사망자 이어 하루만에 보건당국, 고위험군 해외여행 자제 등 당부&#160; (서울=연합뉴스) 유경수 기자 = 신종인플루엔자 [...]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><H3><SPAN><FONT face=Tahoma size=1><FONT size=2>신종플루 사망자 하루 두명..6,7번째<BR>연합뉴스 | 입력 2009.09.14 00:31 | 수정 2009.09.14 08:57</FONT></FONT></SPAN></H3><br />
<H3><SPAN><FONT face=Tahoma size=1><FONT size=2>67세 만성질환자..5번째 사망자 이어 하루만에 <BR>보건당국, 고위험군 해외여행 자제 등 당부&nbsp;</FONT></FONT></SPAN></H3><br />
<H3><SPAN><FONT face=Tahoma size=1><FONT size=2>(서울=연합뉴스) 유경수 기자 = 신종인플루엔자 사망자가 처음으로 하루 2명 발생했다. 12일 5번째 사망자에 이어 이틀새 3명째이며 지난달 15일 이후 7번째이다.&nbsp;</FONT></FONT></SPAN></H3><br />
<H3><SPAN><FONT face=Tahoma size=1><FONT size=2>지금까지 사망자 7명중 6명이 만성질환을 앓아온 고위험군으로 나타남에 따라 보건당국은 환절기 고위험군을 중심으로 사망자가 더 늘어날 것으로 보고 해외여행, 모임 참가 등을 자제해 달라고 당부했다.<BR><BR><BR>&nbsp;</H3><br />
<DIV class=GS_conC style="WIDTH: 500px"><br />
<P class=ph><IMG alt="" src="http://photo-media.daum-img.net/200909/14/yonhap/20090914085704319.jpg" width=500 w="500" h="272"><SPAN></SPAN></P></DIV><br />
<P class=date><A class=keyword title="" href="http://search.daum.net/search?w=tot&#038;rtupcoll=NNS&#038;q=%BA%B8%B0%C7%BA%B9%C1%F6%B0%A1%C1%B7%BA%CE&#038;nil_profile=newskwd&#038;nil_id=v20090914003106035" target=new alt stitle="&gt;검색하기" _onmouseover="UI.toolTip(event)"><FONT color=#0b09cb>보건복지가족부</FONT></A> 중앙인플루엔자대책본부는 &#8220;13일 저녁 신종플루 확진 판정을 받은 영남지역에 거주하는 78세 남성이 <A class=keyword title=&gt;검색하기 href="http://search.daum.net/search?w=tot&#038;rtupcoll=NNS&#038;q=%C7%D7%B9%D9%C0%CC%B7%AF%BD%BA%C1%A6&#038;nil_profile=newskwd&#038;nil_id=v20090914003106035" target=new _onmouseover="UI.toolTip(event)"><FONT color=#0b09cb>항바이러스제</FONT></A> 투약에도 불구, 패혈증으로 숨졌다&#8221;고 밝혔다. <BR><BR>이 남성은 평소 고도 알코올중독, 간경화, <A class=keyword title=&gt;검색하기 href="http://search.daum.net/search?w=tot&#038;rtupcoll=NNS&#038;q=%B0%ED%C7%F7%BE%D0&#038;nil_profile=newskwd&#038;nil_id=v20090914003106035" target=new _onmouseover="UI.toolTip(event)"><FONT color=#0b09cb>고혈압</FONT></A>을 앓고 있던 데다 고령이어서 고위험군에 속한다. <BR><BR><A class=keyword title=&gt;검색하기 href="http://search.daum.net/search?w=tot&#038;rtupcoll=NNS&#038;q=%C1%FA%BA%B4%B0%FC%B8%AE%BA%BB%BA%CE&#038;nil_profile=newskwd&#038;nil_id=v20090914003106035" target=new _onmouseover="UI.toolTip(event)"><FONT color=#0b09cb>질병관리본부</FONT></A> 전병률 전염병대응센터장은 &#8220;정확한 감염경로와 사망원인에 대해서는 역학조사반을 파견해 조사 중&#8221;이라며 &#8220;이미 면역력이 극도로 떨어진 상태에서 신종플루에 감염됐을 가능성이 큰 것으로 추정된다&#8221;고 말했다. <BR><BR>이 남성는 지난 8일 발열(39.1℃)과 복통, 경련, 현기증 증세로 동네 병원 응급실에 입원한 뒤 병원으로부터 알코올중독에 따른 간경화, 패혈증 진단을 받아 항생제 치료를 받았다. 그럼에도 병세가 악화되자 자녀가 거주하는 다른 병원으로 옮겨졌고 12일 신종플루 확진판정과 함께 <A class=keyword title=&gt;검색하기 href="http://search.daum.net/search?w=tot&#038;rtupcoll=NNS&#038;q=%C5%B8%B9%CC%C7%C3%B7%E7&#038;nil_profile=newskwd&#038;nil_id=v20090914003106035" target=new _onmouseover="UI.toolTip(event)"><FONT color=#0b09cb>타미플루</FONT></A> 처방이 내려졌지만, 상태가 더 이상 호전되지 않았다. <BR><BR>앞서 이날 오후 1시께에는 신종플루 확진 판정을 받아 중증을 앓고 있던 67세 남성이 중환자실 입원 중 신종플루로 인한 2차성 폐렴, 패혈증, 호흡부전 등 <A class=keyword title=&gt;검색하기 href="http://search.daum.net/search?w=tot&#038;rtupcoll=NNS&#038;q=%B4%D9%B9%DF%BC%BA+%C0%E5%B1%E2%BA%CE%C0%FC&#038;nil_profile=newskwd&#038;nil_id=v20090914003106035" target=new _onmouseover="UI.toolTip(event)"><FONT color=#0b09cb>다발성 장기부전</FONT></A>으로 숨졌다. <BR><BR>국내에서 하루 두 명의 사망자가 나온 것은 이번이 처음이며 하루 전인 12일 고혈압을 앓아온 73세 할머니를 포함하면 이틀 새 3명의 고위험군 환자가 잇따라 사망한 셈이다. <BR><BR>지금까지 신종플루로 인한 7명의 사망자 가운데 6명이 고위험군으로 나타난데다 이달 들어 환절기가 본격화되면서 고위험군을 중심으로 신종플루 추가 사망자가 잇따를 것으로 보건당국은 우려하고 있다. <BR><BR>대책본부는 이에 따라 고위험군에 해당하는 65세 이상 노인, 만성질환자, 임신부, 59개월 이하 소아 등은 발열과 호흡기 증상이 나타나면 즉시 의료기관을 방문, 진료와 함께 항바이러스제를 투약받을 것과 의료기관에 대해 고위험군 환자 진료시 급성열성호흡기 증상이 나타나면 신종플루 진단검사 전이라도 항바이러스제 투여 등 진료에 만전을 기해 줄 것을 당부했다. <BR><BR>또 고위험군은 해외여행, 병원 면회, 다중 모임 참가 등을 자제해 달라고 요청했다. <BR>한편 신종플루 확진환자로 뇌사상태에 빠진 40대 여성과 당뇨에 심부전 합병증을 앓다 병원에서 신종플루에 감염된 것으로 알려진 대구지역 60대 남성 등도 생명이 위태로운 것으로 전해졌다. <BR><BR>yks@yna.co.kr <BR>(끝) </FONT></FONT></SPAN></P></p>
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		<title>[돼지독감] 美 &#8216;타미플루 내성&#8217; 바이러스 전염 사례 첫 보고 / 거점병원서 신종플루 감염</title>
		<link>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=1001</link>
		<comments>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=1001#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 11 Sep 2009 10:26:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>건강과대안</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[식품 · 의약품]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pandemic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[거점병원 원내감염]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[돼지독감]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[신종플루]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[타미플루 내성바이러스]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=1001</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[美 &#8216;타미플루 내성&#8217; 바이러스 전염 사례 첫 보고노컷뉴스 &#124; 입력 2009.09.11 06:51 &#124; 수정 2009.09.11 07:48 &#124; [워싱턴=CBS 박종률 특파원] 신종플루 치료제인 타미플루에 내성을 가진 바이러스가 사람사이에서 전염됐을 [...]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><P>美 &#8216;타미플루 내성&#8217; 바이러스 전염 사례 첫 보고<BR>노컷뉴스 | 입력 2009.09.11 06:51 | 수정 2009.09.11 07:48 | </P><br />
<P>[워싱턴=CBS 박종률 특파원] </P><br />
<P>신종플루 치료제인 타미플루에 내성을 가진 바이러스가 사람사이에서 전염됐을 것으로 추정되는 사례가 미국에서 처음으로 보고됐다. </P><br />
<P>미 질병통제예방센터(CDC)는 지난 7월 노스캐롤라이나주에서 여름캠프 숙소를 같이 사용한 두 명의 10대 소녀에게서 이같은 내성사례가 발견됐다고 10일(현지시간) 공식 확인했다. </P><br />
<P>이들은 신종플루 감염예방 차원에서 타미플루를 복용한 것으로 전해졌으며, 진단 결과 &#8217;1223V&#8217;로 알려진 신종플루 변종 바이러스에 감염된 것으로 드러났다. </P><br />
<P>미 보건당국은 이에 따라 바이러스가 변형돼 타미플루의 효력이 듣지 않는 징후들을 세밀하게 관찰하고 있으며, 내성이 생긴 바이러스의 확산 가능성을 경계하고 나섰다. </P><br />
<P>이와 관련해 노스캐롤라이나주 보건부의 자크 무어(Zach Moore)박사는 내성이 생긴 바이러스가 사람 사이에서 전염됐을 가능성이 있다고 분석했다. </P><br />
<P>앞서 타미플루 제조사인 로슈(Roche Holding AG)는 지난 7일 미국과 캐나다, 이스라엘 등에서 타미플루에 내성을 가진 21건의 사례가 확인했다고 밝힌 바 있다. </P><br />
<P>그러나 지금까지 확인된 타미플루 내성 사례는 모두 개인 단위의 감염이었다. 한편 미 질병통제예방센터는 신종플루의 감염예방 을 목적으로 타미플루를 복용해서는 안된다고 경고했다. <BR><A href="mailto:nowhere@cbs.co.kr">nowhere@cbs.co.kr</A> </P><br />
<P>============================</P><br />
<P>신종플루 거점병원서 신종플루 감염 </P><br />
<P>2009-09-10 23:48 대구CBS 이규현 기자</P><br />
<P>신종플루 거점병원에서 몇달째 다른 질병으로 입원해 치료를 받아오던 환자가 신종플루에 감염돼 충격을 주고 있습니다.</P><br />
<P>대구지역 한 신종플루 거점병원에 따르면 지난 4월 이 병원에 입원, 치료를 받아오던 61살 A씨가 최근 신종플루 확진 환자로 판명났습니다.</P><br />
<P>당뇨에 심부전 합병증을 앓아오던 A씨는 일반병실에서 치료를 받다 지난 1일 심장 기능이 급격히 떨어져중환자실로 옮겨졌습니다.</P><br />
<P>A씨는 현재 폐에 물이 차면서 호흡이 곤란한 폐부종 증상을 보이는 등 생명이 위독한 것으로 전해졌습니다.</P><br />
<P>병원측은 A씨가 병원 관계자나 또다른 환자를 통해 감염됐을 가능성이 있는 것으로 보고 병원 관계자들의 발열 여부 점검 등 감염 경로를 파악중입니다. </P><br />
<P><A href="mailto:lkh@cbs.co.kr">lkh@cbs.co.kr</A></P><br />
<P>=============================<BR><BR>U.S. campers developed drug-resistant flu: report<BR><BR></P><br />
<DIV class=byline><CITE class=vcard>By Maggie Fox, Health and Science Editor <SPAN class="fn org">Maggie Fox, Health And Science Editor</SPAN> <BR><BR>출처 : 로이터통신 2009년 9월 11일</CITE><ABBR class=recenttimedate title=2009-09-10T16:57:25-0700><!-- end .byline --></DIV><br />
<DIV class=yn-story-content><br />
<P>WASHINGTON (Reuters) – Two girls given <SPAN class=yshortcuts id=lw_1252627199_0 style="CURSOR: hand; BORDER-BOTTOM: #0066cc 1px dashed">antiviral drugs</SPAN> in an effort to protect children at a <SPAN class=yshortcuts id=lw_1252627199_1 style="BACKGROUND: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; CURSOR: hand; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">summer camp</SPAN> from the new <SPAN class=yshortcuts id=lw_1252627199_2 style="CURSOR: hand; BORDER-BOTTOM: #0066cc 1px dashed">pandemic</SPAN> swine flu developed resistant virus, U.S. health officials reported on Thursday.</P><br />
<P>The <SPAN class=yshortcuts id=lw_1252627199_3 style="BACKGROUND: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; CURSOR: hand; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</SPAN> said the study supports its new recommendations that flu drugs not be given to prevent infection among people who are otherwise healthy.</P><br />
<P>Both girls recovered without becoming seriously ill, but the incident shows that it is easy for the new pandemic H1N1 virus to develop resistance to flu drugs, officials said.</P><br />
<P>&#8220;We are concerned about the appropriate use of antivirals,&#8221; the CDC&#8217;s Dr. Anne Schuchat said in an interview.</P><br />
<P>Two antiviral drugs work well against H1N1 swine flu &#8212; Roche AG and Gilead Science Inc&#8217;s Tamiflu, known generically as oseltamivir, and <SPAN class=yshortcuts id=lw_1252627199_4>GlaxoSmithKline</SPAN> and Biota&#8217;s Relenza, known generically as zanamivir.</P><br />
<P>There are two older flu drugs, amantadine and rimantadine, but seasonal influenza developed resistance against them and they are no longer recommended for use alone against influenza.</P><br />
<P>Last year, the seasonal H1N1 flu virus &#8212; a different strain from H1N1 swine flu &#8212; developed resistance against Tamiflu in the United States and many other countries. Flu viruses are mutation-prone and experts are not surprised that they would evolve resistance, just as bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics.</P><br />
<P>But the <SPAN class=yshortcuts id=lw_1252627199_5 style="CURSOR: hand; BORDER-BOTTOM: #0066cc 1px dashed">CDC</SPAN> would like to preserve the benefits of Tamiflu and Relenza for as long as possible.</P><br />
<P>Tamiflu and Relenza not only fight flu. They can prevent infection if given soon enough. And a doctor at a North Carolina summer camp decided to protect 600 campers and staff there with so-called prophylactic doses of Tamiflu.</P><br />
<P>Two girls developed flu anyway. As they were cabin-mates, it is possible one infected the other, the CDC and North Carolina health investigators said.</P><br />
<P>Checks showed they were both infected with viruses that had mutations giving them resistance to Tamiflu.</P><br />
<P>So far, globally, just a handful of cases have been documented in which H1N1 swine flu resists the effects of Tamiflu. But world health officials are watching carefully.</P><br />
<P>The CDC recommends that Tamiflu and Relenza be saved to treat only people at risk of serious illness or death from flu &#8212; pregnant women, children who seem to have trouble breathing or other serious symptoms, and people with conditions that weaken their <SPAN class=yshortcuts id=lw_1252627199_6 style="BACKGROUND: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; CURSOR: hand; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">immune systems</SPAN> such as diabetes, <SPAN class=yshortcuts id=lw_1252627199_7>asthma</SPAN> and <SPAN class=yshortcuts id=lw_1252627199_8>heart disease</SPAN>.</P><br />
<P>(Editing by Eric Walsh)</P><br />
<P></P></DIV><br />
<P><BR>&nbsp;</P></p>
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		<title>[돼지독감] 신종플루 백신 남아돌 수도&#8230;1회 접종에 힘실려</title>
		<link>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=981</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2009 15:35:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>건강과대안</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[식품 · 의약품]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pandemic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[노바티스]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[녹십자]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[대유행]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[돼지독감]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[백신]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[시노벡]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[신종플루]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=981</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#8220;신종플루 백신 남아돌 수도&#8221;연합뉴스 &#124; 입력 2009.09.06 06:20 &#124; 수정 2009.09.06 08:38 보건당국 &#8220;1회 접종에 힘실려..국내 임상 주시&#8221; 국회 &#8220;항원보강제 백신 생산 줄여야&#8221; (서울=연합뉴스) 하채림 기자 = 신종플루 [...]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><P>&#8220;신종플루 백신 남아돌 수도&#8221;<BR>연합뉴스 | 입력 2009.09.06 06:20 | 수정 2009.09.06 08:38 </P><br />
<P>보건당국 &#8220;1회 접종에 힘실려..국내 임상 주시&#8221; <BR>국회 &#8220;항원보강제 백신 생산 줄여야&#8221; </P><br />
<P>(서울=연합뉴스) 하채림 기자 = 신종플루 백신은 2회 접종해야 한다던 당초 예상과 달리 &#8217;1회 접종&#8217;에 점차 힘이 실리고 있다. 이에 따라 &#8216;품귀&#8217;로 치닫던 전 세계 백신 수급상황에도 숨통이 트일지 주목된다. </P><br />
<P>6일 식품의약품안전청과 제약업계에 따르면 최근 해외 신종인플루엔자 백신기업의 임상시험 결과 1회 접종만으로 면역이 형성된다는 결과가 잇따르고 있다. </P><br />
<P><BR>지난 3일 스위스계 제약사 노바티스는 임상시험 결과 1회 접종으로도 필요한 면역력이 형성되는 것으로 나타났다고 발표했으며 앞서 중국 시노백도 같은 결과를 공개했다. </P><br />
<P>이같은 임상시험 결과를 바탕으로 신종플루 백신도 기존 계절독감 백신과 마찬가지로 1회 접종 쪽에 급격히 무게가 실리고 있다. 지난달말까지만 하더라도 전문가들은 &#8217;2회 접종&#8217;을 예측했었다. </P><br />
<P>식약청 관계자는 &#8220;국내 임상시험 참가자로부터 28일 혈액을 채취해 분석을 거쳐야 알 수 있지만, 외국 결과를 볼 때 1회 접종만으로 가능할 것 같다는 게 전문가들의 전망&#8221;이라며 &#8220;글로벌 백신기업들은 공급과잉 상황까지도 우려하는 것 같다&#8221;고 말했다. </P><br />
<P>보건당국은 우선 접종대상자를 다시 세분화해 면역력이 상대적으로 취약한 집단에만 2회 접종을 하는 방안 등을 검토하고 있다. </P><br />
<P>기존 정부의 계획과 달리 신종플루 백신을 1회 접종만 하게 될 경우 국산 백신과 이미 확보한 수입 백신만으로 올해 안에 정부의 목표 인원인 1천336만명을 접종할 수 있게 된다. </P><br />
<P>특히 백신이 부족해 부작용 위험을 무릅쓰고 항원보강제로 백신의 물량을 불리려던 정부의 계획도 수정될 가능성이 커졌다. </P><br />
<P>이같은 상황변화에 따라 기세등등하던 다국적 백신기업의 태도 변화가 감지되고 있다는 게 보건당국의 전언이다. </P><br />
<P>한편 항원보강제의 부작용 빈도가 더 큰 데다 백신 필요량이 줄어들 가능성 등을 고려할 때 국내 생산 물량 가운데 항원보강제를 사용하지 않은 제품의 비중을 당초 계획인 700만도스(1회 접종량)보다 더 늘려야 한다는 주장이 제기되고 있다. </P><br />
<P>국회 보건복지가족위원회 유재중 의원(한나라당)이 식약청으로부터 제출받은 자료에 따르면 식약청은 항원보강제를 사용한 백신은 노인을 포함한 성인용으로 허가키로 결정했다. </P><br />
<P>항원보강제를 쓴 독감 백신은 임상시험 결과 기존 방법으로 제조한 백신에 비해 이상반응 발생 빈도가 더 높았기 때문이다. </P><br />
<P>유 의원은 &#8220;항원보강제가 함유되지 않은 백신을 충분히 확보하지 못하면 1천21만명에 이르는 만 18세이하와 임신부(45만명) 중 일부는 신종플루 위험에 그대로 노출될 우려가 있다&#8221;며 &#8220;이미 발표한 700만도스 외에 항원보강제를 쓰지 않은 백신의 생산량을 더 늘려야 한다&#8221;고 주장했다. </P><br />
<P><A href="mailto:tree@yna.co.kr">tree@yna.co.kr</A> <BR>(끝) </P><br />
<P>&nbsp;</P></p>
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		<title>[돼지독감] First Wave Of Swine Flu Hit Young People Harder Than Expected</title>
		<link>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=855</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 05 Jul 2009 20:58:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>건강과대안</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[식품 · 의약품]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[First Wave Of Swine Flu]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[H1N1 influenza virus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pandemic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[돼지독감]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[사망자 89% 5~59세]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[First Wave Of Swine Flu Hit Young People Harder Than Expected출처 : ScienceDaily (July 5, 2009) http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/06/090629200800.htm ScienceDaily (July 5, 2009) — There is no way to know [...]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><H5>First Wave Of Swine Flu Hit Young People Harder Than Expected<BR><BR><BR>출처 : ScienceDaily (July 5, 2009) <BR><A href="http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/06/090629200800.htm">http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/06/090629200800.htm</A><BR></H5><br />
<P>ScienceDaily (July 5, 2009) — There is no way to know how the newest strain of the H1N1 influenza virus will behave in the future. But scientists, notably those working at the intersections of epidemiology, mathematics, modeling and statistics, are monitoring it closely to identify anomalies on its pattern of spread while evaluating ways of mitigating its impact.<BR>&#8220;Public health officials have the ability to track confirmed cases and hospitalizations in real-time with modern data collection approaches and the aid of modeling as well as the ability to quickly identify new strains and track their evolution,&#8221; says mathematical epidemiologist Gerardo Chowell-Puente, an assistant professor at Arizona State University&#8217;s School of Human Evolution and Social Change in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences.<BR>Chowell-Puente is co-author of a new study of the A(H1N1) influenza pandemic strain circulating around the world. The study&#8217;s findings reveal an age shift in the proportion of cases toward a younger population when compared with historical patterns of seasonal influenza in Mexico. The findings are published June 29 online in the New England Journal of Medicine. Other authors of the NEJM study include Stefano Bertozzi and Arantxa Colchero, Mexico&#8217;s National Institute of Public Health; Hugo Lopez-Gatell, Celia Alpuche and Mauricio Hernandez, Mexico Ministry of Health; and Mark A. Miller, National Institutes of Health Fogarty International Center,<BR>&#8220;The data show that the vast majority of cases of severe pneumonia and deaths occurred among those ages between 5 and 59, which is atypical when compared with the age pattern supported by seasonal flu,&#8221; says Chowell-Puente. &#8220;If resources or vaccine supplies are limited, focusing prevention efforts on these age classes must be considered.&#8221;</P><br />
<P>Specifically, according to the findings, 87 percent of the deaths and 71 percent of the cases of severe pneumonia occurred in persons aged 5-59, compared to an average 17 percent and 32 percent, respectively, for influenza seasons from 2006 through 2008. &#8220;These findings suggest relative protection for those persons exposed to H1N1 influenza viruses during childhood prior to the 1957 pandemic,&#8221; Chowell-Puente says.</P><br />
<P>Chowell-Puente and other mathematicians and biostaticians attending a swine flu workshop at Arizona State University June 25-28, note that vaccines and anti-viral medications are in limited supply.</P><br />
<P>&#8220;Because achieving high vaccination rates before the fall is not feasible with current technologies, effective distribution of a limited vaccine and antiviral stockpiles will be crucial to mitigate a potential second pandemic wave. The seasonal influenza vaccination strategy focuses on the very young and the very old – the most vulnerable populations. This is not necessarily the case for pandemics as we showed in our study.&#8221;</P><br />
<P>According to Chowell-Puente, the key to containing pandemic flu is closely tied in to the ability to quickly produce a good stockpile of vaccines and following a reactive distribution plan that targets the appropriate age cohorts of the population. The first wave of the current strain has not been particularly deadly, but subsequent waves may be more virulent, though it is too early to tell, he notes.</P><br />
<P>&#8220;For the 1918 (&#8220;Spanish flu&#8221;) influenza pandemic, this was the pattern – first a mild wave, and then a severe one with higher case fatality rates,&#8221; notes Chowell-Puente.</P><br />
<P>The features of the A(H1N1) epidemic, according to the findings, are &#8220;somewhat similar to past influenza pandemics in that circulation of a new influenza virus is associated with an unseasonal wave of disease affecting a younger population.&#8221;</P><br />
<P>It is the hope of Chowell-Puente that making this data available will help politicians make science-based decisions on how to optimize the use of limited resources to manage this and future epidemics.</P><br />
<P>In addition to this latest research, Chowell-Puente also was a co-author on a recent study of the flu in Japan. &#8220;Here we looked at the public health strategies they used that essentially stopped the spread of the disease in its tracks,&#8221; he says.</P><br />
<P>The researchers found that in Japan, more than 90 percent of the cases were in school-aged children and teens. Quick action was taken to contain the disease through school closures and other social distancing measures, such as avoiding use of public transportation and the use of face masks. In addition, Japan employed active surveillance at airports, using recently developed sensors to detect passengers with fevers for additional screening. The disease was contained within two-to-three weeks, with only about 500 cases and no fatalities. Findings from this study appeared in the journal Eurosurveillance.</P><br />
<P>Other authors on the Japanese study include: Hiroshi Nishiura, University of Utrecht, the Netherlands; Carlos Castillo-Chavez, Arizona State University; and Muntaser Safan, Mansoura University, Egypt.</P><br />
<P>Reducing the spread of the disease is key to preventing deaths, according to Chowell-Puente. &#8220;As transmissibility grows, timely implementation of control measures is key to reduce epidemic impact on the population.&#8221;</P><br />
<HR></p>
<p><P><STRONG>Journal references</STRONG>:</P><br />
<OL style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN: 5px 0px 5px 18px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><br />
<LI>. <STRONG>Reported severe respiratory disease and deaths concurrent with atypical A(H1N1) influenza circulation of swine origin in Mexico, 2009</STRONG>. <EM>New England Journal of Medicine</EM>, June 29, 2009<br />
<LI>. <STRONG>Transmission potential of the new influenza A(H1N1) virus and its age-specificity in Japan</STRONG>. <EM>Eurosurveillance</EM>, June 4, 2009 </LI></OL><br />
<DIV><EM>Adapted from materials provided by <A class=blue href="http://www.asu.edu/" target=_blank rel=nofollow><SPAN id=source>Arizona State University</SPAN></A></EM>.</DIV></p>
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