[비만] WHO, 비만으로 해마다 260만명 사망

건강과대안 — Thu, 18 Feb 2010 10:11:34 +0000

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally

16 February 2010 — At least 2.6 million people die each year as a result of being overweight or obese. Once associated with high-income countries, obesity is now also prevalent in low- and middle-income countries. This new fact files describes the problem and options for obesity prevention.

출처 : http://www.who.int/en/

10 facts on obesity

February 2010

출처 : http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/obesity/en/index.html

WHO/Godfrey Xuereb

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, with at least 2.6 million people dying each year as a result of being overweight or obese. Once associated with high-income countries, obesity is now also prevalent in low- and middle-income countries.

Governments, international partners, civil society, non governmental organizations and the private sector all have vital roles to play in contributing to obesity prevention.

Read the fact file on obesity

[비만] 비만에 관한 과학적 사실(WHO)

건강과대안 — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 00:20:46 +0000

세계보건기구(WHO)는 체질량지수(BMI) 25이상을 과체중(overweight)으로 규정하고 있으며,
체질량지수(BMI) 30이상을 비만(obesity)으로 규정하고 있음.

2005년 전세계 15세 이상 성인 중 16억명이 과체중으로 추정되며, 최소한 4억명의 성인이 비만임.

2015년 전세계 성인 중 23억명이 과체중이 될 것으로 추정되며, 7억명이 비만일 것으로 추정됨.

비만은 1) 심혈관계 질환 (매년 1700만명을 사망에 이르게 함 2) 당뇨 3) 근골격계 이상 4) 암(자궁내막암, 유방암, 대장암) 등의 원인.

많은 비판적인 전문가들은 비만이 전염병처럼 퍼지는 원인은 정크푸드와 스넥문화에 있다고 주장하고 있음. 패스트 푸드, 정크 푸드, 가공식품이 전체 음식소비에서 많은 비율을 차지할수록 비만 인구가 증가할 것이며, 삶의 질은 더욱 떨어질 것임.

일부국가의 경우 비만 한 항목만으로 인해서 의료비를 7% 증가시킴.

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Fact sheet N°311
September 2006

출처 : 세계보건기구
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/index.html

Obesity and overweight

What are overweight and obesity?

Facts about overweight and obesity

WHO’s latest projections indicate that globally in 2005:

approximately 1.6 billion adults (age 15+) were overweight;
at least 400 million adults were obese.

WHO further projects that by 2015, approximately 2.3 billion adults will be overweight and more than 700 million will be obese.

At least 20 million children under the age of 5 years are overweight globally in 2005.

Once considered a problem only in high-income countries, overweight and obesity are now dramatically on the rise in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in urban settings.

What causes obesity and overweight?

The fundamental cause of obesity and overweight is an energy imbalance between calories consumed on one hand, and calories expended on the other hand. Global increases in overweight and obesity are attributable to a number of factors including:

a global shift in diet towards increased intake of energy-dense foods that are high in fat and sugars but low in vitamins, minerals and other micronutrients; and
a trend towards decreased physical activity due to the increasingly sedentary nature of many forms of work, changing modes of transportation, and increasing urbanization.

What are common health consequences of overweight and obesity?

Overweight and obesity lead to serious health consequences. Risk increases progressively as BMI increases. Raised body mass index is a major risk factor for chronic diseases such as:

Cardiovascular disease (mainly heart disease and stroke) – already the world’s number one cause of death, killing 17 million people each year.
Diabetes – which has rapidly become a global epidemic. WHO projects that diabetes deaths will increase by more than 50% worldwide in the next 10 years.
Musculoskeletal disorders – especially osteoarthritis.
Some cancers (endometrial, breast, and colon).

Childhood obesity is associated with a higher chance of premature death and disability in adulthood.

Many low- and middle-income countries are now facing a “double burden” of disease:

While they continue to deal with the problems of infectious disease and under-nutrition, at the same time they are experiencing a rapid upsurge in chronic disease risk factors such as obesity and overweight, particularly in urban settings.
It is not uncommon to find under-nutrition and obesity existing side-by-side within the same country, the same community and even within the same household.
This double burden is caused by inadequate pre-natal, infant and young child nutrition followed by exposure to high-fat, energy-dense, micronutrient-poor foods and lack of physical activity.

How can the burden of overweight and obesity be reduced?

Overweight and obesity, as well as their related chronic diseases, are largely preventable.

At the individual level, people can:

achieve energy balance and a healthy weight;
limit energy intake from total fats and shift fat consumption away from saturated fats to unsaturated fats;
increase consumption of fruit and vegetables, as well as legumes, whole grains and nuts;
limit the intake of sugars; and
increase physical activity – at least 30 minutes of regular, moderate-intensity activity on most days. More activity may be required for weight control.

The implementation of these recommendations requires sustained political commitment and the collaboration of many stakeholders, public and private. Governments, international partners, civil society and nongovernmental organizations and the private sector have vital roles to play in shaping healthy environments and making healthier diet options affordable and easily accessible. This is especially important for the most vulnerable in society – the poor and children – who have limited choices about the food they eat and the environments in which they live.

Initiatives by the food industry to reduce the fat, sugar and salt content of processed foods and portion sizes, to increase introduction of innovative, healthy, and nutritious choices, and to review current marketing practices could accelerate health gains worldwide.

WHO’s strategy for preventing overweight and obesity

Adopted by the World Health Assembly in 2004, the WHO Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health describes the actions needed to support the adoption of healthy diets and regular physical activity. The Strategy calls upon all stakeholders to take action at global, regional and local levels and aims to lead to a significant reduction in the prevalence of chronic diseases and their common risk factors, primarily unhealthy diet and physical inactivity.

WHO’s work on diet and physical activity is part of the overall WHO chronic disease prevention and control framework of the Department of Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion. The strategic objectives of the department are to: advocate for health promotion and chronic disease prevention and control; promote health, especially for poor and disadvantaged populations; slow and reverse the adverse trends in the common chronic disease risk factors; and prevent premature deaths and avoidable disability due to major chronic diseases.

This work is complemented by that of the Department of Nutrition for Health and Development. The strategic objectives of the department are to promote healthy diets and improve the nutritional status of the population throughout the life course, particularly among the vulnerable. This is achieved by providing support to countries in developing and implementing national intersectoral Food and Nutrition Policies and Programmes to address double-burden of nutrition-related ill-health, and to contribute to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

For more information contact:

WHO Media centre
Telephone: +41 22 791 2222
E-mail: mediainquiries@who.int

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