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	<title>건강과 대안 &#187; antibiotic resistance</title>
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		<title>[항생제내성] 영국 신생아 3명, 슈퍼박테리아 감염 사망</title>
		<link>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=2250</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 31 Aug 2010 17:31:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>건강과대안</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[식품 · 의약품]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[antibiotic resistance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MRSA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[겐타마이신]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[그람음성균]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[슈퍼박테리아]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[신생아 사망]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[유니버시티칼리지런던(UCL) 병원]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[항생제 내성]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[&#160;영국 유니버시티칼리지런던(UCL) 병원 신생아 집중치료실 신생아 3명이 슈퍼박테리아 감염 사망&#8230;&#160; Three babies die as superbugs hit leading hospital&#8217;s neonatal unit By Claire Bates Last updated at 8:01 AM [...]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><P>&nbsp;영국 유니버시티칼리지런던(UCL) 병원 신생아 집중치료실 신생아 3명이 슈퍼박테리아 감염 사망&#8230;&nbsp;<BR></P><br />
<H1>Three babies die as superbugs hit leading hospital&#8217;s neonatal unit<BR><br />
<SCRIPT type=text/javascript src="http://scripts.dailymail.co.uk/js/diggthis.js"></SCRIPT><br />
</H1><br />
<P>By <A class=author href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/search.html?s=y&#038;authornamef=Claire+Bates" rel=nofollow><FONT color=#003580>Claire Bates</FONT></A> <BR>Last updated at 8:01 AM on 31st August 2010</P><br />
<P><A href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1307331/3-babies-die-superbugs-hit-University-College-Hospitals-neonatal-unit.html?ITO=1490">http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1307331/3-babies-die-superbugs-hit-University-College-Hospitals-neonatal-unit.html?ITO=1490</A><BR></P><br />
<P>Three newborn babies died and 12 more were infected during a superbug outbreak at a leading neonatal unit. <BR></P><br />
<P>The babies, who were all under three months old, were being treated in a state-of-the-art intensive care unit at University College hospital, London. <BR></P><br />
<P>Records of an emergency meeting show that one premature infant died from a bacterial infection that proved impervious to the antibiotic normally used. </P><br />
<DIV class=firstPar><br />
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<DIV class=thinCenter><IMG class=blkBorder alt="The neonatal unit at University College Hospital in London. Premature babies are particularly vulnerable to infections due to their fragile skin and immature organ systems " src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2010/08/30/article-1307331-0AF90A86000005DC-195_468x298.jpg" width=468 height=298><br />
<P class=imageCaption>The neonatal unit at University College Hospital in London. Premature babies are particularly vulnerable to infections due to their fragile skin and immature organ systems </P></DIV><br />
<P>Antibiotic-resistant bugs were found in the blood of two others who died from complications related to their prematurity. </P><br />
<P>A fourth baby was found to have an infection resistant to gentamycin, the antibiotic of choice for very premature infants, but has recovered and gone home. <BR></P><br />
<P>Another nine babies were found to be carrying bugs resistant to gentamycin. <BR></P><br />
<P>All the germs were &#8216;gram negative bacteria&#8217; – a family of bugs including e.coli that is increasingly difficult to treat.</P><br />
<P>Two babies were carrying other infections, including MRSA, it is believed. <BR></P><br />
<P>Minutes of the meeting at the hospital on August 10 said the number of cases of gram negative bacteria had promoted a &#8216;heightened level of concern&#8217;. <BR></P><br />
<DIV class=thinFloatRHS><IMG class=blkBorder alt="University College Hospital: Has one of the country's leading neonatal units, but it has been hit by drug resistant superbugs" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2010/08/30/article-1307331-05BC2F010000044D-961_233x423.jpg" width=233 height=423><br />
<P class=imageCaption>University College Hospital: Has one of the country&#8217;s leading neonatal units, but it has been hit by drug resistant superbugs</P></DIV><br />
<P>The unit, which treats some of the country&#8217;s most vulnerable babies, has undergone a deep clean and no fur ther cases have been reported.</P><br />
<P>Doctors have warned that antibiotic resistant gram negative bugs could &#8216;be the next MRSA&#8217;. Like MRSA, they thrive in hospitals and are very hard to treat. <BR></P><br />
<P>Microbiologist Professor Hugh Pennington said they often prove the &#8216;final straw&#8217; for extremely sick babies being kept alive by intravenous lines, ventilators and other equipment. <BR></P><br />
<P>He said: &#8216;These bugs are good at hanging around in the environment. The babies are pretty vulnerable anyway and to have one of these bugs and for it to be antibiotic resistant is the paediatrician&#8217;s nightmare.</P><br />
<P>&#8216;Obviously, it is a nightmare for the parents as well.&#8217; <BR></P><br />
<P>A hospital spokesman said: &#8216;Development of antibiotic resistance is unfortunately a common occurrence for all neonatal units, even more so in units such as ours which care for the most premature babies. <BR></P><br />
<P>&#8216;During July we became concerned because we found particular bacteria on routine surveillance (gentamycin-resistant gram negative organisms).</P><br />
<P>&#8216;We responded accordingly, including increased cleaning and changing our routine antibiotics to those which we knew would kill these organisms.&#8217; <BR></P><br />
<P>A spokesman for the Health Protection Agency (HPA), which was drafted in to advise on the outbreak, said: &#8216;The HPA&#8217;s support has included DNA &#8220;fingerprinting&#8221; of bacteria to identify the different strains, and investigation of antibiotic resistance. <BR></P><br />
<P>&#8216;We are also providing advice to the hospital on infection control measures and antibiotic therapy.&#8217; <BR></P><br />
<P>Many superbugs are resistant to all but one or two antibiotics, and with resistance growing all the time, some scientists predict a &#8216;medical apocalypse&#8217; in which hospital bugs will be completely untreatable.</P><br />
<P>Development costs of up to £1billion mean that just two new families of antibiotics have come on to the market in the last 30 years.</P></DIV><br />
<P><BR>==========================<BR></P><br />
<H2 id=title_text>英병원서 슈퍼박테리아로 신생아 3명 사망</H2><br />
<UL id=author><br />
<LI>연합뉴스 2010년 8월 31일</LI></UL><br />
<P><BR>항생제에 강력한 내성을 지닌 ’슈퍼박테리아’가 영국의 최첨단 병원에까지 침투해 신생아 3명의 목숨을 앗아갔다고 영국 일간 데일리 메일 인터넷판이 30일 보도했다. <BR><BR>최근 열린 영국 유니버시티칼리지런던(UCL) 병원의 비상대책회의 기록에 따르면 신생아 집중치료실에서 치료를 받던 3개월 미만 신생아 3명이 슈퍼박테리아에 감염돼 숨졌고, 다른 12명도 감염됐다. <BR><BR>사망한 미숙아 1명은 일반 항생제에 내성을 가진 박테리아 감염으로 숨진 것이 확인됐고, 합병증으로 숨진 미숙아 2명의 혈액에서도 항생제 내성 박테리아들이 발견됐다. <BR><BR>또 다른 신생아는 미숙아에게 사용하는 항생제인 젠타마이신에 내성을 갖는 박테리아에 감염됐으나 다행히 회복해 퇴원했다. <BR><BR>이 외에도 젠타마이신 내성 박테리아에 감염된 신생아가 9명, 대표적인 슈퍼박테리아인 메티실린 내성 황색포도상구균(MRSA) 등 다른 박테리아에 감염된 신생아가 2명이 더 있는 것으로 드러났다. <BR><BR>UCL의 신생아 집중치료실은 영국의 미숙아 치료시설 중 최첨단 설비를 자랑하는 곳인 만큼 이곳이 슈퍼박테리아의 공격에 노출된 사실은 우려를 낳고 있다.<BR><BR>이날 회의에 참석한 의료진은 병원의 미숙아들이 감염된 박테리아가 속한 ’그람음성균’의 공격을 받는 사례가 점점 증가하면서 그람음성균이 제2의 ’MRSA’가 될지 염려했다고 신문은 전했다. <BR><BR>MRSA는 병원 환경에서도 잘 번식하고 한 번 감염되면 치료도 매우 어렵기 때문이다. <BR><BR>이와 관련해 UCL 병원 대변인은 항생제 내성 발달이 모든 신생아 치료시설에서 흔히 일어나고 UCL과 같은 미숙아 치료 시설에서는 더 자주 발생한다면서 병원은 감염 재발 방지를 위한 소독작업을 하고 있다고 밝혔다<BR></P></p>
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		<title>[항생제 내성] 토양 내 항생제 내성 미생물 증가</title>
		<link>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=2222</link>
		<comments>http://www.chsc.or.kr/?post_type=reference&#038;p=2222#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 07 Aug 2010 19:43:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>건강과대안</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[식품 · 의약품]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[antibiotic resistance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MRSA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[공중보건]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[내성 유전자]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[슈퍼박테리아]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[항생제 내성]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[항생제 오남용]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[환경]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[토양 내 항생제 내성 미생물 증가 드러나영국 뉴캐슬( Newcastle)대학 연구팀에 따르면, 의학 및 농업에서 항생제 남용을 강력하게 억제하고 있음에도 불구하고 자연환경에서 항생제 내성이 증가하고 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다고 합니다.연구팀은 [...]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>토양 내 항생제 내성 미생물 증가 드러나<BR><BR>영국 뉴캐슬( Newcastle)대학 연구팀에 따르면, 의학 및 농업에서 항생제 남용을 강력하게 억제하고 있음에도 불구하고 자연환경에서 항생제 내성이 증가하고 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다고 합니다.<BR><BR>연구팀은 네덜란드의 서로 다른 5개 지역에서 1940년부터 2008년까지 수집한 토양&nbsp;샘플에서 DNA를 추출하여 항생제 내성 유전자의 수준을 측정하였다고 합니다. <BR><BR>이 연구를 주도한 뉴캐슬대학의 데이비드 그라함(David Graham) 교수는 이번 연구결과가 앞으로 공중보건과 환경위생에 항생제 내성 위험성이 증가하는 것을 의미한다고 밝히며 다음과 같이 설명했습니다.<BR><BR>&#8220;지난 수십년간, 항생제 내성 증가와 수퍼박테리아 MRSA와 같은 내성균이 미치는 위험성에 대해 널리 인식되어 왔다. 이에 따라 현재 전세계 국가별로 항생제 남용에 대해서 엄격히 통제하고 있지만, 우리의 연구결과에 따르면 잠재적 내성 지표라고 할 수 있는 토양내의 항생제 내성 유전자의 농도는 점차 증가하고 있음이 증명되었다. 이것은 토양내에 존재하는 대부분의 무해 세균의 내성 유전자가 MRSA와 같은 병원균으로 전달될 수 있는 확률이 증가하는 것을 의미한다.”&nbsp;<BR><BR>이번 연구결과에 따르면,&nbsp;1940년대 이후 환경 수준에서 항생제 내성을 감소시키려는 노력에도 불구하고 4가지 계열의 항생제에 대한 내성 유전자중 78%가 증가하고 있음을 확인하였습니다. <BR><BR>그라함 교수는 다른 국가의 토양샘플을 대상으로 다음 연구를&nbsp;계획하고 있는데, 아마도 비슷한 결과가 나올 것으로 예상된다고 밝혔습니다.&nbsp;<BR><BR>그는&nbsp;“가장 큰 문제는 유럽 정부가 농업과 보건에서 항생제 남용을 방지하기 위해 강력한 정책을 시행해 왔음에도 불구하고, 항생제 내성 유전자 수준이 지속적으로 증가하고 있다는 점이다.”&nbsp;며, “토양내에서 내성 유전자의 증가는, 결국 환경 미생물에서 인체에 유해한 병원성 미생물로 항생제 내성 유전자가 옮겨질 수 있는 위험을 증가시킬 것이다.” 라는 견해를 표명했습니다.&nbsp;<BR><BR>그라함 교수는&nbsp;환경내 내성 유전자 풀의 증가가 실제로 메티실린내성 포도상구균(MRSA)과 같은&nbsp;유해 미생물의 위험성을 증가시키는 지에 대해 환경학자들과 공중보건학자들과의 밀접한 협력을&nbsp;통해 지속적인 연구를 할 계획이라고 밝혔습니다.&nbsp;그라함 교수팀의 연구결과는 환경과학과 기술(Environmental Science and Technology) 2009년 12월 호 온라인 판에 게재되었습니다. <BR><BR><br />
<H3>Soil studies reveal rise in antibiotic resistance</H3><br />
<H4></H4><br />
<DIV class=newsContainer>출처 : <A href="http://www.ncl.ac.uk/press.office/press.release/item/soil-studies-reveal-worrying-rise-in-antibiotic-resistance">http://www.ncl.ac.uk/press.office/press.release/item/soil-studies-reveal-worrying-rise-in-antibiotic-resistance</A><BR><BR>Antibiotic resistance in the natural environment is rising despite tighter controls over our use of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture, Newcastle University scientists have found.</DIV><br />
<DIV class=newsContainer><br />
<P>Bacterial DNA extracted from soil samples collected between 1940 and 2008 has revealed a rise in background levels of antibiotic resistant genes.<BR><BR>Newcastle University’s Professor David Graham, who led the research, said the findings suggest an emerging threat to public and environmental health in the future.<BR><BR>“Over the last few decades there has been growing concern about increasing antibiotic resistance and the threat it poses to our health, which is best evidenced by MRSA,” explained Professor Graham, who is based in the School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences at Newcastle University.<BR><BR>“Despite increasingly stringent controls on our use of antibiotics, the background level of antibiotic resistant genes, which are markers for potential resistance, continues to rise in soils.”<BR><BR>“This increases the chances of a resistant gene in a harmless bacteria being passed onto a disease-causing pathogen, such as a MRSA, with obvious consequences.”<BR><BR>Published online this week in the academic journal Environmental Science and Technology, the report uses data taken from five sites in the Netherlands.<BR><BR>The team found that 78 per cent of genes from four classes of antibiotics showed increasing levels since 1940 – despite continued efforts to reduce environmental levels.<BR><BR>Professor Graham said the next step would be to analyse soil samples from other parts of the world, although he expects to see similar results.<BR><BR>He adds: “The big question is that with more stringent European regulations and greater emphasis on conservative antibiotic use in agriculture and medicine, why are antibiotic resistant gene levels still rising?”<BR><BR>“Whatever the cause, this rise suggests an ever increasing risk of resistant genes being passed from environmental organisms to organisms of greater health concern.”<BR><BR>Professor Graham contends that more complementary studies are desperately needed between environmental and public health researchers to determine whether this increasing ‘pool’ of resistance is actually contributing to harmful bacteria, such as MRSA.<BR><BR>The full study can be found at <A href="http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es901221x?prevSearch=graham&#038;searchHistoryKey"><FONT color=#000066>Environmental Science and Technology</FONT></A></P></DIV><br />
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<P class=newsdate>published on: 23rd December 2009</P><!-- this will go in footer.phtml --><BR></p>
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