AIDS/HIV와 증상은 유사하지만 전염성은 없는 신종 선천성 면역결핍 질환이 아시아와
미국에서 출현했다는 AP통신 보도입니다.

미 국립 알러지 및 전염병 연구소(the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases)의 사라 브라운 박사(Dr. Sarah Browne)은 목요일자 New England Journal of Medicine에 관련
연구보고서를 발표했습니다. 

위스콘신대학의 데니스 메키(Dr. Dennis Maki) 박사는 지난 10년 동안 최소한 3명의 환자를
확인했다고 밝혔습니다.

아시아인과 미국에 거주하는 아시아 출신 이민자에서 주로 발병하는 이 질환은 보통 50세 무렵에 발병하며, 가족 사이에 전염이 이루어지지는 않았습니다. 이에 따라 단 1개의 유전자가 이 질환의 발병에 관여하는 것은 아니라고 추정하고 있습니다.

New AIDS-like disease in Asians, not contagious

Researchers have identified a mysterious new disease that has left scores of people in Asia and some in the United States with AIDS-like symptoms even though they are not infected with HIV.

The patients’ immune systems become damaged, leaving them unable to fend off germs as healthy people do. What triggers this isn’t known, but the disease does not seem to be contagious.

This is another kind of acquired immune deficiency that is not inherited and occurs in adults, but doesn’t spread the way AIDS does through a virus, said Dr. Sarah Browne, a scientist at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.

She helped lead the study with researchers in Thailand and Taiwan where most of the cases have been found since 2004. Their report is in Thursday’s New England Journal of Medicine.

“This is absolutely fascinating. I’ve seen probably at least three patients in the last 10 years or so” who might have had this, said Dr. Dennis Maki, an infectious disease specialist at the University of Wisconsin in Madison.

It’s still possible that an infection of some sort could trigger the disease, even though the disease itself doesn’t seem to spread person-to-person, he said.

The disease develops around age 50 on average but does not run in families, which makes it unlikely that a single gene is responsible, Browne said. Some patients have died of overwhelming infections, including some Asians now living in the U.S., although Browne could not estimate how many.

Kim Nguyen, 62, a seamstress from Vietnam who has lived in Tennessee since 1975, was gravely ill when she sought help for a persistent fever, infections throughout her bones and other bizarre symptoms in 2009. She had been sick off and on for several years and had visited Vietnam in 1995 and again in early 2009.

“She was wasting away from this systemic infection” that at first seemed like tuberculosis but wasn’t, said Dr. Carlton Hays Jr., a family physician at the Jackson Clinic in Jackson, Tenn. “She’s a small woman to begin with, but when I first saw her, her weight was 91 pounds, and she lost down to 69 pounds.”

Nguyen (pronounced “when”) was referred to specialists at the National Institutes of Health who had been tracking similar cases. She spent nearly a year at an NIH hospital in Bethesda, Md., and is there now for monitoring and further treatment.

“I feel great now,” she said Wednesday. But when she was sick, “I felt dizzy, headaches, almost fell down,” she said. “I could not eat anything.”

AIDS is a specific disease, and it stands for acquired immune deficiency syndrome. That means the immune system becomes impaired during someone’s lifetime, rather than from inherited gene defects like the “bubble babies” who are born unable to fight off germs.

The virus that causes AIDS — HIV — destroys T-cells, key soldiers of the immune system that fight germs. The new disease doesn’t affect those cells, but causes a different kind of damage. Browne’s study of more than 200 people in Taiwan and Thailand found that most of those with the disease make substances called autoantibodies that block interferon-gamma, a chemical signal that helps the body clear infections.

Blocking that signal leaves people like those with AIDS — vulnerable to viruses, fungal infections and parasites, but especially micobacteria, a group of germs similar to tuberculosis that can cause severe lung damage. Researchers are calling this new disease an “adult-onset” immunodeficiency syndrome because it develops later in life and they don’t know why or how.

“Fundamentally, we do not know what’s causing them to make these antibodies,” Browne said.

Antibiotics aren’t always effective, so doctors have tried a variety of other approaches, including a cancer drug that helps suppress production of antibodies. The disease quiets in some patients once the infections are tamed, but the faulty immune system is likely a chronic condition, researchers believe.

The fact that nearly all the patients so far have been Asian or Asian-born people living elsewhere suggests that genetic factors and something in the environment such as an infection may trigger the disease, researchers conclude.

The first cases turned up in 2004 and Browne’s study enrolled about 100 people in six months.

“We know there are many others out there,” including many cases mistaken as tuberculosis in some countries, she said.

___

Follow Marilynn Marchione at http://twitter.com/MMarchioneAP

출처 : (AFP) 2010년 5월 22일

GENEVA — World Health Organisation members adopted an ambitious plan against measles in a bid to prevent the resurgence of the disease which could kill up to 500,000 people a year by 2012, a WHO expert said Friday.

“Starting in 2008, there has been a considerable decline in funding and political commitment for measles control that has resulted in the stagnation of progress,” said Peter Strebel, medical officer of the WHO’s department of immunization, vaccines and biologicals.

As a result, the disease is “making a rapid comeback” with large outbreaks across Africa as well as in parts of Asia and Europe.

“More alarmingly, WHO estimates that the combined effect of decreased financial and political commitment could result in a return to over 500,000 measles deaths a year by 2012, wiping out the gains made over the past 18 years,” added Strebel.

In a bid to prevent the resurgence, the 193 member states of the WHO meeting this week in Geneva adopted a series of targets for 2015 aimed at cutting measles cases to less than five per million persons as well as reducing mortality by 95 percent from its 2000 levels.

It also aims at achieving at least 90 percent of measles vaccination coverage nationally.

An earlier goal set by the WHO had targeted a cut in measles mortality by 90 percent from 2000 by 2010. It said in December 2009 that all regions except one managed to achieve the goal.